In the previous shiur, we learned a short piece of gemara that went back to the first part of the long baraita quoted in the previous sugya and found another baraita that contradicts it. The resolution was to identify the contradicting baraita with the minority opinion of R. Yehuda as expressed in the mishna itself. Following this we started the new, longer sugya. We read, translated, and identified the pieces and their role in the flow of the sugya. Please review this and see if you can understand the flow of the sugya and its content on your own.
In this shiur we will once again go through the sugya from its beginning, this time to discuss in depth its ideas and concepts, and to gain insights from the story concerning R.Gamliel and R.Akiva in the baraita quoted by the gemara. Starting at 14 lines up from the bottom of the page at Berachot 37a.